Strategies
employed
1.Connect (Hook
and Hold) (5 mins)
+
Highlight the importance of a Research Proposal for the application of funds
and the approval of the use of equipment for research.
2.Acquire and Make meaning (Receive Knowledge and skills, and understanding learning
outcomes) (40 mins)
+ The GPP template contains the following main sections:
(a) Type of research
(b) Category of research
(c) Research Title
(d) Aim, Independent, Dependent, Controlled Variables, Hypothesis
(e) Methods, including:
(i) Equipment
(ii) Diagrams
(iii) Procedure
(iv) Risk Assessment
and Management
(v) Analysis of data
(f) Bibliography
+ Students are complete their GPP template downloaded from Google Classroom.
3.Transfer (Formative
checks, reflections, etc.) (5 mins)
+ Remind
them to print out their research proposals to the teacher by the end of
lesson 10.
|
======================================================================================
Group Project Proposal (Science)
SCHOOL OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, SINGAPORE
INVESTIGATIVE
SKILLS IN SCIENCE
Names:
Class:
S2-0_______
Group Reference:
A / B / C / D / E / F / G / H / J /
K / L / M
A. Indicate the type of research that you are
adopting:
[ ] Test a
hypothesis: Hypothesis-driven research
e.g. Investigation of the
anti-bacteria effect of chrysanthemum
[ ] Measure a
value: Experimental research (I)
e.g. Determination of the mass of Jupiter using planetary
photography
[ X ]
Measure a function or relationship: Experimental research (II)
e.g. Investigation of the effect of temperature on the growth of
crystals
[ ] Construct a
model: Theoretical sciences and applied mathematics
e.g. Modeling of the cooling curve of naphthalene
[ ] Observational
and exploratory research
e.g. Investigation of the
soil quality in School of Science and Technology, Singapore
B.
Type
& Category
Type of research: ________________ (Write down one number from 1 to 6)
Category – _____________________ (Write down one number from 7 to 20)
Sub-category –
__________________ (Write down the sub-heading alphabet)
Application of project relevant to SST
Community, Society or the World:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
C. Write down your research title:
investigation of
the effect of the temperature on the growth of crystals.
D. (a) Aim / question
being addressed
A student wanted to find out what temperature is the best
for making the biggest crystals.
(b)
Independent variable
The independent variable
is temperature.
(c)
Dependent variable
The dependent variable is
the mass of copper sulphate crystals.
(d)
Controlled variables
(a) The
concentration of the copper sulphate solution used
(b) the
total volume of the copper sulphate solution used
(c) the
humidity of the environment above the beaker
(d) the
mass of the seeding crystal
(e) the
shape of the seeding crystal
(e) Hypotheses
The hypothesis is the
lower the temperature, the bigger is the crystal grown
E. Method – Description in detail of method or
procedures (The following are important and key items that should be included
when formulating ANY AND ALL research plans.)
(a) Equipment list:
- clean beaker (250 ml) x 10
- copper sulphate in powder form
- stirrer
- Bunsen burner
- Lighter
- Weighing machine
- Magnifying glass
- Silica gel
- refrigerator (-10 degree celcius to room
temperature)
- incubator oven ( room temperature to 50 degree
celcius)
- chopsticks x 100
(b) Diagrams
(c) Procedures: Detail
all procedures and experimental design to be used for data collection
1. Set up the experiment as shown in the diagram
above.
2. Pour 50 grams of copper sulphate crystals into a
beaker of 200 ml of distilled water and dissolve it using a stirrer.
3. To ensure that the concentration of copper
sulphate is saturated, heat the beaker using a Bunsen flame so that we can
dissolve the maximum amount of copper sulphate.
4. When we observe that the crystals cannot be
dissolve any further due to heating and stirring, stop the heating process.
5. Pour equal amounts of the copper sulphate solution
into 6 different beakers of different amounts. (e.g. 25 ml each)
6. Make sure that the seeding crystals used to make
the big crystals are of the same shape by using a magnifying glass to inspect.
7. Make sure that the seeding crystals used to make
the big crystals are of the same mass by using a weighing machine.
8. Place the seeding crystals into the 6 different
beakers.
9. Place the 6 different beakers into refrigerator
and the incubator ovens set according to the temperatures specified.
10. To ensure that the humidity of the space above
the beakers remains the same, place a packet of moisture absorber (silica gel)
in each of the refrigerator and the oven so as to make sure that the humidity
is low. This is to make sure that there is no condensation of water vapour in
the refrigerator and oven into the beaker of copper sulphate.
11. Wait patiently for a period of 5 days without
disturbing the 6 beakers of copper suphate solution.
12. After 5 days, remove the beakers from the
refrigerators or ovens and remove the seeded crystal using a pair of chopsticks
carefully.
13. Measure the final mass of the grown crystal using
a weighing machine.
14. Repeat the experiment again using a similar setup
and measure the average mass of the grown crystal again.
(d) Risk,
Assessment and Management: Identify any potential risks and safety precautions
to be taken.
Risk
|
Assessment
|
Management
|
The chemicals used are poisonous. If accidentally consumed, will
cause the student to faint or have stomach flu.
|
Low / Medium / High
|
Students must wear gloves when carrying out the experiment.
Students must not eat or drink during the experiment. Students must wash
their hands before and after experimentation.
|
As the experiments involve heating, there is a risk of fire if
the flame accidentally touches any flammable material.
|
Low / Medium / High
|
Make sure that there are no flammable materials near the heating
apparatus.
|
As the experiments involve heating, there is a risk of scalding
the hand accidently.
|
Low / Medium / High
|
Use mittens or thongs when carrying out the experiment
|
As the experiment involves glassware, there is a risk of breakage
and cutting of the hands.
|
Low / Medium / High
|
Wear gloves when carrying out the experiment. In case of
breakage, the cut to the hands will be minimized.
|
Table
3: Risk Assessment and Management table
(e) Data Analysis:
Describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data/results that answer
research questions or hypotheses
1. Tabulate the data and calculate the average mass
of the grown crystal.
2. Plot a graph of the average mass of the crystal
against the temperature in which it is grown.
3. From the graph, we can find out what
temperature is the best for making the biggest crystals. (The aim)
F. Bibliography:
List at least five (5) major sources (e.g. science journal articles, books,
internet sites) from your literature review. If you plan to use vertebrate
animals, one of these references must be an animal care reference. Choose
the APA format and use it consistently to reference the literature used in the
research plan. List your entries in alphabetical order for each type of source.
(a)
Books
Holden A. et al
(2011). Crystals and Crystal Growing. Cambridge, MA, USA: The MIT
Press.
(b)
Journals
G, S., E, Y., H, K., T, N., S, M., & K, W. (1997). Effects of a
magnetic field on the nucleation and growth of protein crystals. Journal
of Crystal Growth, 173(1-2), 231–234.
doi:10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00777-4
(c)
Websites
About.com (2013, July
10). How to grow great crystals. Retrieved from
Scientific American
(2013). Solubility Science: How to Grow the Best Crystals: A
chemistry challenge from Science Buddies. Retrieved from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=bring-science-home-crystals.
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